Uyini umehluko phakathi kohlelo lwesiteshi se-5G kanye ne-4G
1. I-RRU kanye ne-antenna kuhlanganisiwe (sekuvele kuqashelwe)
I-5G isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obukhulu be-MIMO (bheka i-5G Basic Knowledge Course for Busy People (6)-Massive MIMO: Umbulali Omkhulu Wangempela we-5G kanye ne-5G Basic Knowledge Course for Busy People (8)-NSA noma i-SA? Lona umbuzo okufanele ucatshangelwe), i-antenna esetshenzisiwe inamayunithi e-transceiver azimele akhelwe ngaphakathi afinyelela ku-64.
Njengoba kungekho ndlela yokufaka ama-feeder angu-64 ngaphansi kwe-antenna bese ulenga esigxotsheni, abakhiqizi bemishini ye-5G bahlanganise i-RRU kanye ne-antenna kudivayisi eyodwa-i-AAU (i-Active Antenna Unit).
Njengoba ubona egameni, u-A wokuqala ku-AAU usho i-RRU (i-RRU iyasebenza futhi idinga ukunikezwa kwamandla ukuze isebenze, kuyilapho i-antenna ingasebenzi futhi ingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokunikezwa kwamandla), kanti u-A wokugcina usho i-antenna.
Ukubukeka kwe-AAU kubukeka njenge-antenna yendabuko. Phakathi nesithombe esingenhla yi-5G AAU, kanti kwesobunxele nakwesokudla yi-antenna yendabuko ye-4G. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlukanisa i-AAU:
Ungabona amayunithi e-transceiver azimele agcwele ngaphakathi, vele, inani eliphelele lingu-64.
Ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa i-optical fiber phakathi kwe-BBU ne-RRU (AAU) buthuthukisiwe (sebuvele buqashelwe)
Kumanethiwekhi e-4G, i-BBU ne-RRU kudingeka zisebenzise i-optical fiber ukuze zixhumane, kanti indinganiso yokudlulisa isignali yemvamisa yomsakazo ku-optical fiber ibizwa ngokuthi i-CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface).
I-CPRI idlulisela idatha yomsebenzisi phakathi kwe-BBU ne-RRU ku-4G futhi akukho lutho olungalungile ngayo. Kodwa-ke, ku-5G, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obufana ne-Massive MIMO, amandla eseli elilodwa le-5G angafinyelela ngokuphindwe kayishumi kune-4G, okulingana ne-BBU ne-AAU. Izinga ledatha lokudluliselwa phakathi kwe-inthanethi kumele lifinyelele ngokuphindwe kayishumi kune-4G.
Uma uqhubeka nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bendabuko be-CPRI, ububanzi be-bandwidth ye-optical fiber kanye ne-optical module buzokhuphuka ngezikhathi ze-N, futhi intengo ye-optical fiber kanye ne-optical module nayo izokhuphuka izikhathi eziningana. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kongiwe izindleko, abathengisi bemishini yokuxhumana bathuthukise iphrothokholi ye-CPRI ibe yi-eCPRI. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kulula kakhulu. Eqinisweni, i-node yokudlulisa i-CPRI isuswa kungqimba lokuqala lomzimba kanye nemvamisa yomsakazo iye kungqimba lomzimba, futhi ungqimba lomzimba lwendabuko luhlukaniswe lube ungqimba lomzimba olusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nongqimba lomzimba olusezingeni eliphansi.
3. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-BBU: ukuhlukaniswa kwe-CU ne-DU (ngeke kwenzeke isikhashana)
Esikhathini se-4G, isiteshi sesisekelo i-BBU sinazo zombili imisebenzi yendiza yokulawula (ikakhulukazi ebhodini lokulawula eliyinhloko) kanye nemisebenzi yendiza yomsebenzisi (ibhodi lokulawula eliyinhloko kanye nebhodi le-baseband). Kunenkinga:
Isiteshi ngasinye sesisekelo silawula ukudluliselwa kwedatha yaso futhi sisebenzisa ama-algorithms aso. Akukho ukusebenzisana phakathi kwaso. Uma umsebenzi wokulawula, okungukuthi, umsebenzi wobuchopho, ungasuswa, iziteshi eziningi zesisekelo zingalawulwa ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze kufezwe ukudluliselwa okuhlelekile kanye nokuphazamiseka. Ukubambisana, ingabe ukusebenza kahle kokudluliselwa kwedatha kuzoba phezulu kakhulu?
Kunethiwekhi ye-5G, sifuna ukufeza imigomo engenhla ngokuhlukanisa i-BBU, kanti umsebenzi wokulawula ophakathi yi-CU (Iyunithi Ephakathi), kanti isiteshi esiyisisekelo esinomsebenzi wokulawula ohlukanisiwe sishiywa kuphela ukuze kucutshungulwe futhi kudluliselwe idatha. Umsebenzi uba yi-DU (Iyunithi Esabalalisiwe), ngakho uhlelo lwesiteshi esiyisisekelo se-5G luba:
Ngaphansi kokwakheka lapho i-CU ne-DU zihlukaniswe khona, inethiwekhi yokudlulisa nayo ilungisiwe ngokufanele. Ingxenye yokuhambisa ngaphambili ithuthwe phakathi kwe-DU ne-AAU, kanti inethiwekhi ye-midhaul yengezwe phakathi kwe-CU ne-DU.
Kodwa-ke, umqondo ugcwele kakhulu, futhi iqiniso lincane kakhulu. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-CU ne-DU kuhilela izici ezifana nokusekelwa kweketanga lezimboni, ukwakhiwa kabusha kwamakamelo amakhompyutha, ukuthengwa kwabaqhubi, njll. Ngeke kufezeke isikhashana. I-5G BBU yamanje isenjena, futhi ayinalutho oluhlobene ne-4G BBU.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-01-2021