Iyini isiteshi sesisekelo
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izindaba ezinjengalezi bezilokhu zivela ngezikhathi ezithile:
Abanikazi bezindawo zokuhlala baphikisana nokwakhiwa kweziteshi zesisekelo futhi basika izintambo ze-optical ngasese, futhi abaqhubi abathathu abakhulu basebenzisana ukubhidliza zonke iziteshi zesisekelo epaki.
Ngisho nakubantu abavamile, namuhla, lapho i-inthanethi yeselula isingene kuzo zonke izici zokuphila, bazoba nokuqonda okuyisisekelo: izimpawu zocingo eziphathwayo zikhishwa yiziteshi eziyisisekelo. Ngakho-ke isiteshi esiyisisekelo sibukeka kanjani?
Uhlelo oluphelele lwesiteshi sesisekelo lwakhiwe yi-BBU, i-RRU kanye nohlelo lokuphakela ama-antenna (i-antenna).
Phakathi kwazo, i-BBU (i-Base band Unite, iyunithi yokucubungula i-baseband) iyimishini eyinhloko kakhulu esiteshini sesisekelo. Ngokuvamile ibekwa egumbini lekhompyutha elifihliwe futhi ayikwazi ukubonwa yizakhamuzi ezivamile. I-BBU inesibopho sokucubungula isignali kanye nedatha yenethiwekhi eyinhloko kanye nabasebenzisi. Amaphrothokholi kanye nama-algorithms ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ekuxhumaneni kweselula konke kusetshenziswa ku-BBU. Kungashiwo nokuthi isiteshi sesisekelo yi-BBU.
Ngokombono wokubukeka, i-BBU ifana kakhulu nebhokisi eliyinhloko lekhompyutha yedeskithophu, kodwa empeleni, i-BBU ifana neseva ezinikele (kunokuba i-host yekhompyutha ejwayelekile). Imisebenzi yayo eyinhloko yenziwa ngezinhlobo ezimbili. Amabhodi okhiye aqashelwa yibhodi lokulawula eliyinhloko kanye nebhodi le-baseband.
Isithombe esingenhla siwuhlaka lwe-BBU. Kungabonakala ngokucacile ukuthi kunezikhala ezi-8 ezifana namadrowa ohlakeni lwe-BBU, futhi ibhodi lokulawula eliyinhloko kanye nebhodi le-baseband kungafakwa kulezi zikhala, kanye nohlaka lwe-BBU Kudingeka kufakwe amabhodi okulawula amaningana amakhulu kanye namabhodi e-baseband, ikakhulukazi kuye ngezidingo zomthamo wesiteshi sesisekelo esizovulwa. Uma kufakwa amabhodi amaningi, kulapho kufakwa khona umthamo omkhulu wesiteshi sesisekelo, futhi abasebenzisi abaningi bangakhonzwa ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ibhodi lokulawula eliyinhloko linesibopho sokucubungula isignali (i-RRC signaling) kusuka kunethiwekhi eyinhloko kanye nefoni yeselula yomsebenzisi, linesibopho sokuxhumana kanye nokuxhumana nenethiwekhi eyinhloko, futhi linesibopho sokwamukela ulwazi lokuvumelanisa i-GPS kanye nolwazi lokubeka.
I-RRU (Remote Radio Unit) ekuqaleni yayibekwe kufreyimu ye-BBU. Yayibizwa ngokuthi i-RFU (Radio Frequency Unit). Isetshenziselwa ukuguqula isignali ye-baseband edluliselwa kusuka ebhodini le-baseband nge-fiber optical ibe yibhendi yemvamisa ephethwe yi-opharetha. Isignali yemvamisa ephezulu idluliselwa ku-antenna nge-feeder. Kamuva, ngoba ukulahlekelwa kokudluliselwa kwe-feeder kwatholakala kukhulu kakhulu, uma i-RFU ifakwa kufreyimu ye-BBU futhi ibekwe egumbini lomshini, futhi i-antenna ilenga embhoshongweni okude, ibanga lokudluliselwa kwe-feeder lide kakhulu futhi ukulahlekelwa kukhulu kakhulu, ngakho vele ukhiphe i-RFU. Sebenzisa i-optical fiber (ukulahlekelwa kokudluliselwa kwe-fiber optical kuncane kakhulu) ukuze ulengise embhoshongweni kanye ne-antenna, ukuze ibe yi-RRU, okuyiyunithi yomsakazo okude.
Okokugcina, i-antenna ebonwa yiwo wonke umuntu emigwaqweni nasezindaweni ezizungezile zedolobha yi-antenna edlulisela isignali engenantambo. Amayunithi e-transceiver azimele akhelwe ngaphakathi e-antenna ye-LTE noma ye-5G, kulapho kusakazwa khona idatha eningi ngasikhathi sinye, futhi kulapho izinga lokudluliswa kwedatha likhula khona.
Kuma-antenna e-4G, kungatholakala amayunithi e-transceiver azimele afinyelela kwangu-8, ngakho-ke kunezindawo zokuxhumanisa ezingu-8 phakathi kwe-RRU ne-antenna. Izindawo zokuxhumanisa ezingu-8 ngaphansi kwe-RRU eneziteshi ezingu-8 zingabonakala ngokucacile esithombeni esingenhla, kuyilapho isithombe esingezansi sibonisa ukuthi iyi-antenna eneziteshi ezingu-8 enezindawo zokuxhumanisa ezingu-8.
Izixhumi ezingu-8 ku-RRU zidinga ukuxhunywa kuzixhumi ezingu-8 ku-antenna ngokusebenzisa iziphakeli ezingu-8, ngakho-ke inqwaba yezintambo ezimnyama ingabonakala njalo esigxotsheni se-antenna.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-01-2021